The Emerging Global Normative Synthesis
نویسندگان
چکیده
O UT OF discordant, often strident, conflicting voices that emanate from the East and the West, a new composition is slowly arising. The synthesized tune has a limited register and on many issues divergent voices will continue to be heard. It is sure to be accorded"divergent interpretations in various parts of the world and over time. Yet the new tune might well suffice to provide stronger support for global institution building than was available in recent decades. The metaphorical "voices" referred to are expressions of basic normative positions, worldviews, and ideologies. They concern values rather than power relations or economic resources; they define what people consider as legitimate, a major foundation of social order and good government. Two major themes underlie much recent foreign policy thinking in the West; both claim to predict the direction in which the world is moving and to prescribe the ways it ought to progress. One theme holds that the world is proceeding to (and needs to be encouraged to) embrace several core values, and the institutions that embody them, all of which the West possesses-individual rights, democratic government, and free markets. This position has been advanced by Francis Fukuyama, Michael Mandelbaum and Fareed Zakaria, among others.l It has been embraced by the Bush Administration, whose 2002 strategic document states:
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